When to Use?
Audio descriptions, also referred to as video descriptions or descriptive narration, provide spoken narration about key visual elements within videos and multimedia content. They are designed to assist individuals who are blind or have low vision in comprehending visual details that are not conveyed through dialogue or audio alone.
In accordance with Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), higher education institutions are mandated to ensure that digital content, including videos and multimedia, is accessible to individuals with disabilities. Incorporating audio descriptions is a vital step toward providing equitable access to instructional materials, training resources, promotional content, and campus communications.
Accessibility Standards and Guidance
Audio descriptions align with accessibility standards:
- Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)
- ADA Title II requirements
- Section 504 obligations
- Inclusive design principles
Procedure
Audio descriptions are additional narration tracks that describe meaningful visual information during pauses in dialogue or other audio.
Descriptions may include:
- Actions
- On-screen text
- Scene changes
- Charts, graphs, or demonstrations
- Facial expressions or body language
- Visual cues necessary for understanding
Example
Without Audio Description
“As you can see here, this process is complete.”
A viewer who cannot see the screen may not know what “this” refers to.
With Audio Description
“The progress bar reaches 100%, and a green checkmark appears next to the completed assignment.”
The visual information is now accessible.
When Are Audio Descriptions Needed?
Audio descriptions are needed when important information is presented visually and is not already explained through existing audio.
Audio Descriptions Are Usually Needed When:
- A video demonstrates a process visually
- Charts or graphs appear on screen
- Text appears without being read aloud
- Actions or gestures are important
- Instructors reference visual elements
- Training videos rely on demonstrations
- Scene changes affect meaning
Audio Descriptions May Not Be Necessary When:
- All visual information is already explained in narration
- The video is audio-focused
- The content is purely conversational with no meaningful visuals
This is sometimes called “naturally described” content.
Best Practices for Creating Accessible Videos
Describe Important Visual Information
Focus on visuals necessary for understanding the content.
Describe:
- Actions
- On-screen text
- Demonstrations
- Visual outcomes
- Graphs and diagrams
Avoid describing:
- Decorative visuals
- Irrelevant background details
Plan for Accessibility Early
It is easier to build descriptions into videos during recording than to add them later.
For information on how to add audio descriptions in Panopto, please read:
Accessibility in Panopto
Helpful Strategies
- Read slide text aloud
- Describe actions while demonstrating
- Avoid phrases like “click here” without context
- Explain charts and visual changes verbally
Use Clear and Concise Language
Descriptions should be:
- Accurate
- Brief
- Objective
- Timed appropriately
Ensure Captions and Audio Descriptions Work Together
Accessible videos often require both:
- Captions
- Audio descriptions
Captions support users who are deaf or hard of hearing.
Audio descriptions support users who are blind or have low vision.
Tips for Faculty and Staff
During Recording
- Read slide text aloud
- Describe important visuals
- Explain charts and diagrams verbally
- Identify buttons, menus, or navigation steps clearly
- Avoid relying solely on gestures or visual references
During Editing
Review videos and ask:
- Would someone understand this without seeing the screen?
- Are all important visuals explained?
- Is on-screen text read aloud?
- Are demonstrations verbally explained?
Common Mistakes
Saying “Click Here” Without Context
Instead say:
“Select the Submit Assignment button.”
Showing Text Without Reading It
Always read important on-screen text aloud.
Assuming Visuals Speak for Themselves
Charts, images, animations, and demonstrations often require explanation.
For more information, consider visiting the:
Audio Description Project